The superior dispersion of easily soluble graphite.

Graphene is a 2D one-atom-thick layer that has attracted enormous scientific attention on account of its extraordinary electronic and mechanical properties resulting from the hexagonally arrayed sp-hybridized carbon atom structure. Several efforts have been made to use graphene in devices and composites. The strong covalent bonds of carbon atoms provide high mechanical and thermal properties and chemical stability. The theoretical Young’s modulus of graphene is approximately 1060GPa. In addition, the high electrical conductivity (mobility: 20 000 cmV 1 s , velocity: c/300) through the p-electron cloud makes graphene a promising material in conducting composites and quantum electronics. As in other new materials (such as carbon nanotubes, various quantum dots, etc.), the development of mass productionmethods that can support the demand for graphene in a variety of large-scale applications is of high priority. Thus far, several methods for graphene production have been developed and can be summarized into three areas:mechanical exfoliation, graphene in solution, and epitaxial growth. Mechanical exfoliation produces the highest quality graphene, which is suitable for fundamental studies. Epitaxial growth provides the shortest path to graphene-based electronic circuits. Graphene in solution can offer lower costs and higher throughputs and may be used in a wide range of applications because of the significant practical utility of this material. However, the method is quite complicated and